Arch base install

记录了我曾经安装Arch Linux的大致步骤

update time：2023-4-16

0.连接 wifi

iwctl
station wlan0 scan
station wlan0 get-networks
station wlan0 connect SSID
exit

1.确保 UEFI 模式启动

ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars

2.禁用自动更新 mirrorlist 的 reflector

systemctl stop reflector.service

3.检查时钟服务状态

timedatectl status

4.换源

vim /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch
Server = https://mirrors.hit.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch

5.分区

cfdisk /dev/sd(x)

6.格式化

/ 和 /home 格式化成 ext4 类型，EFI 分区格式化成 vfat 类型，交换分区使用 mkswap 初始化

mkfs.ext4 /dev/root_part
mkfs.vfat /efi_system_part
mkswap /dev/swap_part

7.挂载

mount /dev/root_part /mnt
mount --mkdir /dev/efi_system_part /mnt/boot
swapon /dev/swap_part

8.安装必需的软件包

pacstrap /mnt base base-devel linux linux-firmware dhcpcd iwd networkmanager wireless_tools wpa_supplicant vim git

9.配置系统

# Fstab
genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

# Chroot
arch-chroot /mnt

# 设置上海时区
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

# 同步系统时间到硬件
hwclock --systohc

# 本地化
vim /etc/locale.gen
locale-gen
echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf

# 安装微码
pacman -S intel-ucode  # Intel
pacman -S amd-ucode   # AMD

# 安装grub引导
pacman -S grub efibootmgr
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id=grub
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

10.完成安装

# 设置密码
passwd
# exit
umount -R /mnt
reboot

11.图形化安装

pacman -Syyu
useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash <username>
passwd <username>
EDITOR=vim visudo
# wheel ALL=(ALL)ALL ---> wheel ALL=(ALL)ALL

pacman -S plasma-meta konsole dolphin
systemctl enable sddm

# vim /etc/pacman.conf
[archlinuxcn]
SigLevel = Optional TrustAll
Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch
pacman -Syyu

12.基础功能包

sudo pacman -S ntfs-3g wqy-zenhei noto-fonts noto-fonts-cjk noto-fonts.emoji firefox yay

# fcitx5 中文输入法
sudo pacman -S fcitx5-im fcitx5-chinese-addons fcitx5-pinyin-moegirl fcitx5-pinyin-zhwiki
yay -S fcitx5-material-color
vim /etc/environment
GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx
QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx